Detection and Isolation of Black Hole Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks

The Sensor nodes are connected wirelessly to form a network called as the wireless sensor network (WSN). The nodes have confined battery power and the battery of the nodes cannot be replaced. These sensor nodes are used for collecting the sensor data and transmits them to the sink or base station. This data transmission from a node to the other node utilizes more energy if the data is broadcasted the from sensor nodes directly to the sink. The clustering method is used to reduce the energy utilization of the sensor nodes and the nodes are grouped into the clusters and the cluster-head in each cluster will gathers the data and transmits it to the sink. In the black hole attack, the attacker node broadcasts good paths to the node falsely during the route-establishment process. When a request is received by the attacker to the destination node for a route, it creates a reply for the short route and enters into the passageway to do something with the packets passing between them. If the Black Hole Node is present in the network, it will reduce the network performance along with the depletion of the energy in the network. In this paper, the technique presented is for detection and isolation of black hole nodes from the sensor network. In this technique, the black hole node is identified by monitoring the fake reply packets that are transmitted by the nodes and it will be removed from the network.